labarai

Ƙananan yawa polyethylene (LDPE)shi ne polymerized ethylene a matsayin polymerization monomer, peroxide a matsayin mafari, da thermoplastic guduro samu ta free radical polymerization dauki, da kwayoyin nauyi ne kullum a 100000 ~ 500000, da yawa ne 0.91 ~ 0.93g / cm3, shi ne mafi sauki iri-iri na polyethylene guduro. .

Yana da kyau taushi, extensibility, lantarki rufi, bayyana gaskiya, sauki aiki da kuma wani iska permeability.Good sinadaran kwanciyar hankali, alkali juriya, juriya ga general Organic kaushi, yana da fadi da kewayon amfani, ciki har da extrusion shafi, busa fim, waya da kuma na USB shafi, allura gyare-gyare da kuma busa gyare-gyare m gyare-gyare, da dai sauransu.

Saboda ɗan gajeren rayuwa na free radicals samar da initiator, ethylene yana da matukar matsawa ta hanyar ƙara matsa lamba (110 ~ 350MPa), don haka da yawa ya karu zuwa 0.5g / cm3, wanda yayi kama da ruwa wanda ba zai iya ba. a sake matsawa.Don rage tazarar kwayoyin ethylene da haɓaka yuwuwar karo tsakanin radicals kyauta ko sarƙoƙi masu girma masu ƙarfi da ƙwayoyin ethylene, ana aiwatar da martanin polymerization na kyauta.Ana samar da ƙananan ƙarancin polyethylene, don haka ƙananan ƙarancin polyethylene kuma ana kiransa babban matsin ƙarancin polyethylene.

Low yawa polyethylene samar tsari

A samar tsari na low yawa polyethylene yafi hada ethylene biyu-mataki matsawa, initiator da regulator allura, polymerization dauki tsarin, high da kuma low matsa lamba rabuwa da dawo da tsarin, extrusion granulation da post-jiyya tsarin, da dai sauransu.

Dangane da nau'ikan mai kwaikwayo daban-daban, ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'ikan biyu: Hanyar matsin lamba da hanyar Autoclave.

Tsarin tubular da tsarin kettle suna da halaye nasu: reactor tubular yana da tsari mai sauƙi, ƙira mai dacewa da kiyayewa, kuma yana iya tsayayya da matsa lamba mafi girma;Tsarin reactor yana da rikitarwa, kuma kulawa da shigarwa yana da wuyar gaske.A lokaci guda, ƙarar na'urar yana yawanci karami saboda ƙarancin iya cire zafi.

Gabaɗaya magana, ana amfani da hanyar bututu don manyan sikelin shigarwa, yayin da ake amfani da hanyar kettle don shigarwa da ke samar da samfuran da aka ƙara darajar kamar su EVA na sa na musamman da babban abun ciki na vinyl acetate.

Saboda halaye na matakai daban-daban, hanyar kettle yana da ƙarin sassan rassan da kuma ƙarfin tasiri mafi kyau, wanda ya dace da extruding resin rufi.Hanyar bututun mai fadi da yawa, ƙasa da alama alama da ingantaccen kayan gani, wanda ya dace don sarrafawa cikin fina-finai na bakin ciki.

High matsa lamba tube Hanyar low yawa polyethylene samar da fasaha

A ciki diamita na tubular reactor ne kullum 25 ~ 82mm, tsawon ne 0.5 ~ 1.5km, da al'amari rabo ne mafi girma fiye da 10000: 1, da m diamita zuwa ciki diamita rabo ne kullum ba kasa da 2mm, da kuma ruwa jaket ne. ana amfani da shi don cire wani ɓangare na zafin amsawa.

Ya zuwa yanzu, da bututu ne kamar guda hanya don aiwatar da asali kwarara, da tallafi na daban-daban reactor feed point, daban-daban kwayoyin nauyi kayyade, initiator da ta allura wurin, da kuma daban-daban hanyoyin da taki allura, samfurin sarrafa, adadin da dawowar. ethylene kuma ya aika da matsayi, ya kafa nau'i-nau'i daban-daban na tsari.

A halin yanzu, balagagge fasahar aiwatar da tubular galibi ya haɗa da tsarin Lupotech T na LyondellBasell, tsarin tubular Exxon Mobil da tsarin CTR na DSM.

Lupotech T tsarin

Ana amfani da tsarin LyondellBasell Lupotech T don kusan kashi 60% na ƙarfin samar da gida na ƙananan shuke-shuken polyethylene.A dauki matsa lamba 260 ~ 310MPa, dauki zazzabi 160 ~ 330 ℃, daya-hanyar hira kudi na 35%, samfurin yawa 0.915 ~ 0.935g / cm3, narkewa index 0.15 ~ 50g / 10min, guda line samar iya aiki 45 × 104T / A, tsarin yana da halaye na fasaha guda biyar:

(1) Pulse reactor fasahar da aka soma gane bawul bude, bawul bude duration da kuma sauyawa mita a karshen reactor.Pulse aiki iya inganta hadawa sakamako a cikin reactor, mai kyau dauki kwanciyar hankali, high hira kudi, rage reactor bango mannewa, inganta zafi canja wurin coefficient, kuma mafi zafi kau sakamako na jaket ruwa;

(2) Peroxides an allura zuwa wurare daban-daban na reactor a maki hudu don samar da sassan hudu na yankin dauki;

(3) Tare da propylene, propanaldehyde a matsayin mai sarrafa nauyin kwayoyin halitta, wanda aka gabatar da shi ta hanyar shigar da compressor, tare da ethylene a cikin reactor, samfurin samfurin;

(4) Tsarin iskar gas mai zafi mai zafi zai iya gane aikin tsaftacewa, narkar da da kuma lalata aiki ta hanyar sarrafawa ta tsari, rage tasirin ayyukan samar da al'ada;

(5) Kafa tsarin tashar ruwan zafi don rage yawan amfani da ruwa mai sanyaya, da kuma dawo da yanayin zafi na polymerization da kuma tsarin iskar gas mai zafi don wasu na'urori.

Exxon Mobil tubular tsari

A dauki matsa lamba na Exxon Mobil tube tsari ne 250 ~ 310MPa, da dauki zazzabi ne 215 ~ 310 ℃, da hira kudi ne har zuwa 40%, da samfurin yawa ne 0.918 ~ 0.934g / cm3, da narkewa index ne 0.2 ~ 50g / (minti 10), kuma ƙarfin samar da layin guda ɗaya shine 50 × 104T / A.Tsarin yana da halaye na fasaha guda shida:

(1) A kwance tura kwarara bututu reactor aka soma, da diamita na reactor an fadada mataki-mataki tare da axial shugabanci don inganta gas kwarara kudi da reactor matsa lamba drop.Ƙara kwanciyar hankali na amsawa, rage haɓakar lalacewa, rage ma'auni a cikin reactor, inganta yanayin canjin zafi na reactor;

(2) The initiator ne allura tare da axial shugabanci na reactor, wanda zai iya samar da 4 ~ 6 dauki zones, inganta hira kudi da kuma aiki sassauci, da fadi da samfurin kewayon;

(3) Gabaɗaya amfani da propylene azaman mai daidaitawa don sarrafa ma'aunin narkewa, samar da samfuran matsakaici-yawa ta amfani da propanaldehyde azaman mai tsarawa, mai daidaitawa ta hanyar bututun diaphragm mai matsa lamba wanda aka allura zuwa mashigar kwampreso sau biyu, sannan tare da ethylene a cikin reactor;

(4) ta amfani da zafi tubular reactor na ethylene vinyl gaba abinci da sanyi multipoint ciyar hade a kaikaice, uniform zafi saki da kuma iya samun sakamako na cire zafi na dauki, da reactor inganta jacketed sanyaya kaya, rage tsawon da reactor. , da kuma sanya reactor zazzabi rarraba a cikin santsi, inganta ethylene hira kudi.A lokaci guda, saboda da Multi-aya a kaikaice ciyar, gaba zafi ethylene feed yawa na reactor an rage, da zafi load na reactor inlet preheater da aka rage, da kuma amfani da high matsa lamba da matsakaici matsa lamba tururi ya ragu.

(5) Rufaffen zafin jiki mai daidaita tsarin ruwa ana amfani da shi don samar da ruwa zuwa jaket ɗin reactor don cire zafi mai zafi.Ta hanyar inganta yawan zafin jiki na ruwa na ruwa na jaket, ana inganta ingantaccen canjin zafi, an rage tsawon reactor, kuma an ƙara yawan juzu'i;

(6) Farfadowa da yin amfani da babban matsi da ƙarfin zafi mai zafi da aka saki daga saman babban mai raba matsa lamba.

CTR tsari

DSM CTR tsari dauki matsa lamba ne 200 ~ 250MPa, dauki zazzabi ne 160 ~ 290 ℃, hira kudi ne 28% ~ 33.1%, matsakaicin iya isa 38%, samfurin yawa ne 0.919 ~ 0.928g / cm3, narkewa index ne 0.3 ~ 65g / (minti 10), Matsakaicin ƙarfin waya ɗaya zai iya kaiwa 40 × 104T/A.Tsarin yana da halaye na fasaha guda biyar:

(1) Yin amfani da ba bugun bugun jini aiki, da reactor aiki matsa lamba ne low kuma rike akai, da kwarara kudi a cikin reactor ne high, yana da kyau scouring sakamako, ba ya samar da bango danko sabon abu, da reactor baya bukatar tsaftacewa da descaling, kuma yana rage farashin aiki;

(2) The reactor bututu diamita ne dawwama, da kai tsaye "daya-wuce" ka'idar da aka dauka, babu wani hadadden gefen layi ciyar tsarin, da reactor da goyon bayan zane ne mafi sauki, da kuma zuba jari ne m;

(3) an sanyaya jaket ɗin reactor ta ruwan sanyi, wanda zai iya samar da tururi ta samfur;

(4) Yin amfani da mai ƙaddamar da peroxide, samfurin gel abun da ke ciki yana da ƙananan, babu ragowar mai kara kuzari, tasirin kare muhalli yana da kyau;An samar da ƙananan oligomers, kuma an sauƙaƙe tsarin sake yin amfani da iskar gas.

(5) Kyakkyawan yanayin aiki kuma babu canjin matsa lamba a lokacin polymerization yana sanya samfuran inganci, musamman samfuran fim, tare da kyawawan kaddarorin gani da kayan sarrafa kayan aiki, na iya samar da ƙaramin kauri na samfuran fim na 10μm, amma kewayon samfurin yana kunkuntar, ba zai iya samar da samfuran copolymer (EVA) tare da ƙarancin narkewa ba.

Fasahar samar da ƙarancin ƙarancin polyethylene ta hanyar autoclave

A autoclave tsari yana amfani da wani tanki reactor tare da wani stirring tsarin, da al'amari rabo iya zama daga 2:1 zuwa 20:1, da tanki reactor girma ne 0.75 ~ 3m3.A dauki zafin jiki ne kullum 150 ~ 300 ℃, da dauki matsa lamba ne kullum 130 ~ 200MPa, da hira kudi ne 15% ~ 21%.

Tun da kettle reactor jirgin ruwa ne mai kauri mai kauri, canjin zafi ta bangon reactor ya fi ƙuntatawa fiye da tubular reactor, don haka abin da ya faru shine ainihin tsarin adiabatic, kuma ba a cire wani zafi na zahiri daga reactor.Yawan zafin jiki yana sarrafa shi ta hanyar allurar maki mai yawa na ciyarwar ethylene mai sanyi don daidaita yanayin zafi.The reactor sanye take da wani mota kore stirrer don yin cakude a cikin reactor uniform da kauce wa gida zafi spots.Mai ƙaddamarwa shine Organic peroxide, wanda za'a iya allura a wurare daban-daban tare da axial direction na reactor don samar da sassan amsawa da yawa tare da yanayin zafi daban-daban.Babu wani koma-baya tsakanin sassan amsawa, aiki mai sassauƙa da kewayon samfur, wanda zai iya samar da EVA copolymerized tare da har zuwa 40% vinyl acetate abun ciki.

Lupotech A tsari

Lupotech A tsari yana amfani da A zuga tanki reactor, da reactor girma ne 1.2m3, albarkatun kasa da kuma initiator allura a cikin reactor da mahara maki, da dauki matsa lamba ne 210 ~ 246MPa, mafi girma dauki zafin jiki ne 285 ℃, da regulator ne propylene ko propane, wanda aka ƙara ta hanyar shigar da kwampreso na biyu, na iya samar da samfuran LDPE / EVA iri-iri, Yawan samfurin shine 0.912 ~ 0.951g / cm3, ma'aunin narkewa shine 0.2 ~ 800g / (10min), abun ciki na acetate na vinyl zai iya tashi. zuwa 40%, da daya-hanyar hira kudi na reactor ne 10% ~ 21%, matsakaicin guda line zane sikelin iya isa 12.5 × 104t / a.

Tsarin LupotechA ba zai iya samar da guduro mai rufi kawai ba tare da ƙarin sarkar reshe da mafi kyawun tasiri, amma kuma yana samar da samfuran fina-finai na bakin ciki tare da rarraba nauyin kwayoyin halitta mai faɗi.Ana iya sarrafa ma'anar narkewa da yawa na samfuran LDPE / EVA da kyau ta tsarin sarrafa APC, kuma ana iya samun samfuran iri ɗaya.Babban gabatarwar cikin gida na wannan tsari shine Sirbon petrochemical, Yangzi petrochemical, Shanghai petrochemical, da dai sauransu, ƙarfin na'urar shine 10 × 104T / a.

Exxon Mobil kettle tsari

Tsarin tanki na Exxon Mobil yana ɗaukar injin tanki mai girman yanki 1.5m3 da kansa.The reactor yana da ya fi girma al'amari rabo, tsawo riƙe lokaci, mafi girma mafarin inganci da kunkuntar samfurin kwayoyin nauyi rarraba, wanda shi ne conducive ga samar da bakin ciki film kayayyakin da irin wannan ingancin zuwa tube tsari.

Mai sarrafa ya bambanta da hanyar bututun Exxon Mobil.Ana amfani da Isobutene ko n-butane, wanda aka haɓaka zuwa 25 ~ 30MPa ta hanyar famfo mai matsa lamba na diaphragm, allura sau biyu a mashigin compressor, kuma ya shiga cikin reactor tare da ethylene.

The reactor matsa lamba kewayon ne fadi, da kuma matsakaicin dauki matsa lamba ne 200MPa, wanda zai iya samar da LDPE homopolymer tare da low narkewa index da EVA copolymer tare da babban vinyl acetate abun ciki.

Tsarin tanki na Exxon Mobil na iya samar da samfuran homopolymer na LDPE tare da alamar narkewa na 0.2 ~ 150g / (10min) da yawa na 0.910 ~ 0.935g / cm3.Narke index 0.2 ~ 450g / (10min) vinyl acetate abun ciki har zuwa 35% ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).Babban gabatarwar cikin gida na wannan tsari shine rukunin Lianhong (tsohon Shandong Hauda), ƙarfin na'urar shine 10 × 104T / a, TRINA, ƙarfin na'urar shine 12 × 104T / a, da sauransu.